Solanum carolinense

Solanum carolinense is toxic to small mammals and reptiles. The reported severity is moderate. Also known as Carolina Horsenettle.

Mild Moderate Severe Critical

If your animal ate this plant, call your veterinarian, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control on (888) 426-4435 or the Pet Poison Helpline on (855) 764-7661. Fees may apply.

Symptoms to watch for

Drooling Vomiting Diarrhea Lethargy Respiratory Depression Dry Heaving

The color of each symptom follows the severity scale above.

About

Solanum carolinense, the Carolina horsenettle, is not a true nettle, but a member of the Solanaceae, or nightshade family. It is a perennial herbaceous plant, native to the southeastern United States, though its range has expanded throughout much of temperate North America. The plant is considered to be invasive in parts of Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. The stem and undersides of larger leaf veins are covered with prickles.

How this plant poisons

Many parts of the plant have historically been used to create medicines to treat various conditions. It was listed in the United States National Formulary from 1916 to 1936 for use by pharmacists. However all parts of the plant, including its tomato-like fruit, contain toxins in varying degrees due to the presence of solanine glycoalkaloids which is a toxic alkaloid and one of the plant's natural defenses. While ingesting any part of the plant can cause fever, headache, scratchy throat, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, ingesting the fruit can cause abdominal pain, circulatory and respiratory depression, or even death.

Common Names

  • Carolina Horsenettle

Also recorded as Apple Of Sodom, Ball Nightshade, Ball-nettle, Bull Nettle, Carolina Horse-nettle and Carolina nightshade.

Facts

Family
Solanaceae
Duration
Perennial
Growth habit
Forb/herb, Subshrub
In the wild
US, JP, KR, CA, NL, CN + more
Source
Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
Elsewhere

Countries with the most wild observations, from GBIF data.