Ilex aquifolium

Ilex aquifolium is toxic to cats, dogs and horses. The reported severity is mild. Also known as European Holly.

dogs cats horses

Mild Moderate Severe Critical

If your animal ate this plant, call your veterinarian, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control on (888) 426-4435 or the Pet Poison Helpline on (855) 764-7661. Fees may apply.

Symptoms to watch for

Vomiting Diarrhea Depression

The color of each symptom follows the severity scale above.

About

Ilex aquifolium, the holly, common holly, English holly, European holly, or occasionally Christmas holly, is a species of flowering plant in the family Aquifoliaceae, native to western and southern Europe, northwest Africa, and southwest Asia. It is regarded as the type species of the genus Ilex, which by association is also called holly. It is an evergreen tree or shrub found, for example, in shady areas of forests of oak and in beech hedges. In the British Isles it is one of very few native hardwood evergreen trees. It has a great capacity to adapt to different conditions and is a pioneer species that repopulates the margins of forests or clearcuts.

How this plant poisons

Holly berries contain alkaloids, theobromine, saponins, caffeic acid, and a yellow pigment, ilixanthin. The berries are generally regarded as toxic to humans.

Common Names

  • European Holly

Also recorded as English holly and Holly.

Related plants

More from the Aquifoliaceae family:

Browse all 281 plants

Facts

Family
Aquifoliaceae
Duration
Perennial
Growth habit
Shrub, Tree
Native to
Flanders, Belgium, Brussels-Capital Region, Flemish Region, Walloon Region, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Portugal Continental
In the wild
GB, FR, NL, BE, DE, ES + more
Source
Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
Elsewhere

Countries with the most wild observations, from GBIF data.