Heracleum maximum

Heracleum maximum is toxic to cats, dogs and horses. The reported severity is mild. Also known as Common Cowparsnip and Tube Clematis.

dogs cats horses

Mild Moderate Severe Critical

If your animal ate this plant, call your veterinarian, the ASPCA Animal Poison Control on (888) 426-4435 or the Pet Poison Helpline on (855) 764-7661. Fees may apply.

Symptoms to watch for

Dermatitis Photosensitivity

The color of each symptom follows the severity scale above.

About

Heracleum maximum, commonly known as cow parsnip, is the only member of the genus Heracleum native to North America. It is also known as American cow-parsnip, Satan celery, Indian celery, Indian rhubarb, poison turnip or pushki.

How this plant poisons

The plant contains furanocoumarins such as xanthotoxin, angelicin, pimpinellin and isopimpinellin, isoimperatorin, bergapten and isobergapten, 6‐isopentenyloxyisobergapten, and sphondin. In one study, the young leaves did not contain xanthotoxin, but older, senescing leaves contained "substantial amounts". Some of these furanocoumarins found in cow parsnip are known to have antimicrobial properties and are responsible for a rash producing erythematous vesicles (burn-like blisters) and hyperpigmentation that occurs after getting the clear sap onto one's skin. They are photosensitive, with the rash occurring only after exposure to ultraviolet light. Because of this, phytophotodermatitis causing skin blistering may occur after coming into contact with the sap on a sunny day. The scars and pigmentation from these blisters caused by some Heracleum species can last for months or years.

Common Names

  • Common Cowparsnip
  • Tube Clematis

Also recorded as American cow-parsnip, American hogweed, Cow Parsnip, Indian celery, Pushki and masterwort.

Facts

Family
Apiaceae
Duration
Perennial
Growth habit
Forb/herb
Native to
Labrador, Newfoundland, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Northwest Territories
In the wild
US, CA, RU, JP, CN, KP + more
Source
Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 4.0
Elsewhere

Countries with the most wild observations, from GBIF data.